Adolf Hitler

 

Adolf Hitler (German pronunciation: [ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ]; 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party. He was the totalitarian leader of Germany from 1933 to 1945, serving as chancellor from 1933 to 1945 and as head of state (Führer und Reichskanzler) from 1934 to 1945. His administration was notable for the genocide of Jewish, Romani, and other people known as the Holocaust.

A decorated veteran of World War I, Hitler joined the Nazi Party (DAP) in 1919 and became leader of NSDAP in 1921. Following his imprisonment after a failed coup in Bavaria in 1923, he gained support by promoting German nationalism, anti-semitism, anti-capitalism, and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and propaganda. He was appointed chancellor in 1933, and quickly transformed the Weimar Republic into the Third Reich, a single-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideals of national socialism.

Hitler ultimately wanted to establish a New Order of absolute Nazi German hegemony in Europe. To achieve this, he pursued a foreign policy with the declared goal of seizing Lebensraum ("living space") for the Aryan people; directing the resources of the state towards this goal. This included the rearmament of Germany, which culminated in 1939 when the Wehrmacht invaded Poland. In response, the United Kingdom and France declared war against Germany, leading to the outbreak of the Second World War in Europe.

Within three years, Germany and the Axis powers had occupied most of Europe, and most of Northern Africa, East and Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean. However, with the reversal of the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, the Allies gained the upper hand from 1942 onwards. By 1945, Allied armies had invaded German-held Europe from all sides. Nazi forces engaged in numerous violent acts during the war, including the systematic murder of as many as 17 million civilians, an estimated six million of whom were Jews targeted in the Holocaust.

In the final days of the war, at the fall of Berlin in 1945, Hitler married his long-time mistress Eva Braun and, to avoid capture by Soviet forces less than two days later, the two committed suicide.

Che' Det

 

Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad (Tulisan Jawi: محضير بن محمد, dilahirkan pada 20 Disember 1925; juga digelar sebagai "Dr. M" dan nama penanya Che Det) adalah Perdana Menteri Malaysia yang keempat. Ketika penggal kepimpinannya dari 16 Julai 1981 sehingga 31 Oktober 2003, beliau menerajui negara ke arah arus kemodenan yang amat pantas dan menyebabkan kemakmuran di segala lapisan masyarakat Malaysia.

Pencapaian terbaiknya ialah keupayaannya mengekalkan keamanan dan kedamaian dalam sebuah negara yang berbilang bangsa melalui pemeliharaan suatu golongan pertengahan orang Melayu. Walau bagaimanapun, beliau sentiasa dikritik atas gaya pemerintahannya yang autokratik dan dituduh bersifat kronisme.Beliau juga merupakan seorang tokoh politik antarabangsa yang suka berterus-terang dan bersifat kontroversi. Beliau adalah seorang penganjur gagah nilai-nilai Asia — kapitalisme autokratik yang dianjurkan oleh negeri — sebagai alternatif kepada individualisme Amerika Syarikat dan kapitalisme dasar berkecuali (laissez-faire).Dr Mahathir telah dikaitkan dengan pembangunan pelbagai projek mega pada zaman pemerintahannya seperti projek Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC), Menara Berkembar PETRONAS, Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Kuala Lumpur (KLIA) dan Koridor Raya Multimedia (Multimedia Super Coridor/MSC).Selepas persaraannya, nama Dr Mahathir terus terpahat sebagai "Bapa Pemodenan Malaysia", negarawan ulung yang telah menjadikan Malaysia sebuah negara moden, makmur, ceria dan penuh bertenaga. Pada Jun 2005, beliau dianugerahkan sebagai Tun, pangkat kehormatan yang tertinggi di Malaysia. Melalui perkhidmatannya sebagai Perdana Menteri selama 22 tahun, beliau merupakan pemimpin paling lama yang memegang jawatan tersebut di Asia Tenggara.

Nostradamus

Michel de Nostredame (14 December or 21 December 1503 – 2 July 1566), usually Latinised to Nostradamus, was a French apothecary and reputed seer who published collections of prophecies that have since become famous worldwide. He is best known for his book Les Propheties ("The Prophecies"), the first edition of which appeared in 1555. Since the publication of this book, which has rarely been out of print since his death, Nostradamus has attracted a following that, along with the popular press, credits him with predicting many major world events. The prophecies have in some cases been assimilated to the results of applying the alleged Bible code, as well as to other purported prophetic works.Most academic sources maintain that the associations made between world events and Nostradamus's quatrains are largely the result of misinterpretations or mistranslations (sometimes deliberate) or else are so tenuous as to render them useless as evidence of any genuine predictive power. Moreover, none of the sources listed offers any evidence that anyone has ever interpreted any of Nostradamus's quatrains specifically enough to allow a clear identification of any event in advance.

A range of quite different views are expressed in printed literature and on the Internet. At one end of the spectrum, there are extreme academic views such as those of Jacques Halbronn, suggesting at great length and with great complexity that Nostradamus's Prophecies are antedated forgeries written by later hands with a political axe to grind.Although Halbronn possibly knows more about the texts and associated archives than almost anybody else alive (he helped dig out and research many of them), most other specialists in the field reject this view. At the other end of the spectrum, there are numerous fairly recent popular books, and thousands of private websites, suggesting not only that the Prophecies are genuine but that Nostradamus was a true prophet. Thanks to the vagaries of interpretation, no two of them agree on exactly what he predicted, whether for our past or for our future.Many of them do agree, though, that particular predictions refer, for example, to the French Revolution, Napoleon Bonaparte, Adolf Hitler, both world wars, and the nuclear destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There is also a consensus that he predicted whatever major event had just happened at the time of each book's publication, from the Apollo moon landings, through the death of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1997, and the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986,

Hang Tuah

 

Hang Tuah ialah seorang pahlawan legenda berbangsa Melayu pada masa pemerintahan Kesultanan Melaka di abad ke-15 (Kesultanan Melayu Melaka) bermula pada 1400-1511 A.D. )^[1] Menurut rekod sejarah, beliau lahir di Kampung Sungai Duyong, Melaka kira-kira dalam tahun 1444 A.D. Bapanya bernama Hang Mahmud manakala ibunya pula ialah Dang Merdu Wati. Bapanya juga pernah menjadi hulubalang istana yang handal suatu ketika dulu, begitulah juga ibunya yang merupakan keturunan dayang di istana. Hang Tuah ialah Laksamana yang terkenal dengan kesetiaannya kepada Raja dan merupakan petarung silat yang amat handal dan tiada tolok bandingnya.Hang Tuah dan empat orang kawannya: Hang Jebat, Hang Kasturi, Hang Lekir dan Hang Lekiu menuntut ilmu bersama Adiputra di Gunung Ledang. Selesai menuntut ilmu, mereka berlima kembali ke kota Melaka.Pada suatu hari, mereka berjaya menyelamatkan Dato' Bendahara (iaitu Perdana Menteri) daripada seorang lelaki yang sedang mengamok. Dato' Bendahara kagum dengan ketangkasan mereka dan menjemput mereka semua ke rumahnya dan seterusnya mengambil mereka untuk bertugas di istana.Sejak itu Hang Tuah dan sahabat-sahabatnya amat disayangi oleh Sultan hinggalah Hang Tuah mendapat gelar Laksamana. Semasa mengiringi Sultan Melaka ke Majapahit di tanah Jawa, Hang Tuah telah berjaya membunuh seorang pendekar Jawa bernama Taming Sari. Dalam pertarungan itu Taming Sari, seorang pendekar yang kebal yang tidak dapat dilukakan. Tetapi Hang Tuah mengetahui bahawa kekebalan Taming Sari terletak pada kerisnya. Oleh itu Hang Tuah berjaya merampas keris berkenaan dan membunuh Taming Sari. Keris itu kemudiannya dianugerahkan oleh Betara Majapahit kepada Hang Tuah. Pemilik keris ini akan turut menjadi kebal seperti pendekar Jawa Taming Sari.